MySQL Data Types
Numeric
TINYINT -- -128 to 127
SMALLINT -- -32768 to 32767
INT -- ~2 billion
BIGINT -- very large integers
FLOAT -- approximate decimal
DECIMAL(10,2) -- exact: 99999999.99
String
CHAR(10) -- fixed length
VARCHAR(255) -- variable length
TEXT -- up to 65,535 chars
LONGTEXT -- up to 4GB
Date/Time
DATE -- 2024-01-15
TIME -- 13:45:00
DATETIME -- 2024-01-15 13:45:00
TIMESTAMP -- auto UTC tracking
YEAR -- 2024
Other
ENUM('male','female') -- one of set
SET('a','b','c') -- multiple of set
JSON -- JSON documents (MySQL 5.7+)